Mass-Conserved Solution to the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings Equation for Compact Source Regions
نویسندگان
چکیده
A mass-conserved formulation for the Ffowcs-Williams–Hawkings (FW–H) integral is proposed to suppress contributions of spurious mass flux far-field sound at very low Mach numbers. The condition and compact-source region assumptions are employed. By using higher-order derivatives Green’s function, an expansion integrand in monopole term performed. This transforms mass-flux like into a series including different orders velocity moment. At numbers, zero-order exactly contribution from flux. confirmed by unsteady dipole, two-dimensional (2D) incompressible convecting vortex, circular-cylinder flow, co-rotating vortex pair. Additional added 2D flows over circular cylinder; pair comes residual incompressible-flow simulation. found be sensitive dipole cases. Then, computation monopole-term with flow cylinder presented. Fast convergence performance was observed, suggesting that requires little extra computational resources. Finally, FW–H boundary dependence observed vortex-pair case eliminated formulation.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Aerospace
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2226-4310']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10020148